小儿推拿常用手法以及常见穴位！

The common manipulation of children's massage and common acupoints!

小儿推拿疗法历史悠久，容易为患儿接受，用于治疗小儿某些疾病有良好的疗效。小儿推拿手法应轻快柔和，有的手法虽然与成人推拿相同，但动作和操作方法却不一样，治疗穴位有时也和成人不同。

Child massage therapy has a long history, easy for children to accept, for the treatment of certain diseases in children has good curative effect. Children's manipulation should be gentle and soft, while some techniques are the same as the adult massage, but the action and operation methods are different, and the treatment points are sometimes different from those of the adult.

（一）常用手法

(1) common techniques

1．推法：用拇指面（正、侧两面均可）或食、中指面，在选定的穴位上作直线推动，称直推法；用双手拇指面在同一穴位起向两端分开推，称分推法。

1. push method: use the thumb surface (both sides of the front and side) or the food and middle finger to make a straight push on the selected acupoint. It is called the straight push method, and the two hands of the thumb face are pushed separately at the same point at the same point.

2．揉法：用指端（食、中、拇指均可）或掌根，在选定的穴位上贴住皮肤，带动皮肉筋脉作旋转回环活动，称揉法。治疗部位小的用指端揉，大的用掌根揉。

2. kneading method: with finger tip (food, medium and thumb can be) or palm root, stick the skin on the selected acupoint, drive the skin of flesh and muscles as the revolving ring, which is called kneading method. The treatment site is small, kneaded with fingertips and rubbed with the palm roots.

3．捏脊法：用双手的中指、无名指和小指握成半拳状，食指半屈，拇指伸直对准食指前半段，然后顶住患儿皮肤，拇、食指前移，提拿皮肉。自尾椎两旁双手交替向前，推动至大椎两旁，算作捏脊一遍。此法多用于小儿疳积，故又称“捏积”。

The 3. chiropractic method: with the middle finger, the ring finger and the small finger in the hands of the half fist, the forefinger half flexion, the thumb straight to the front half of the index finger, and then hold back the child's skin, the thumb, the forefinger move forward, and carry the flesh. From both sides of the caudal vertebra, the hands are alternately forward and pushed to the sides of the great vertebra, which is counted as chiropractic. This method is mostly used for infantile malnutrition, so it is also called "pinching".

4．推脊法：用食、中指（并拢）面自病儿大椎起循脊柱向下直推至腰椎处，称推脊法（图5）。此法适用于高热。

4. push the spine method: with the food, middle finger (close together) face from the sick vertebra big vertebra from the spine downward push directly to the lumbar spine, called pushing the spine (Figure 5). This method is suitable for high heat.

（二）常用穴位

(two) common acupoints

一、脾穴

One, spleen acupoint

1．部位：拇指外侧缘，赤白肉际处（由指根（掌指关节）到指尖）属线型穴位。

The 1. part: the lateral margin of the thumb, the red and white intermuscular area (from the finger base (metacarpophalangeal joint) to the fingertip) is a linear acupoint.

2．操作方法： 补脾：向心性推之（拇指稍曲，由指尖推向指根），用于虚症，如脾虚泄泻。 清脾：离心性推之，用于实症，如伤食、积滞。 清补脾：来回推之，为平补平泻。用于虚中挟实症，如消化不良。

2. operation method: tonifying spleen: centripetal pushing (thumb slightly curved, pushing from finger tip to finger root), used for deficiency syndrome, such as diarrhea due to spleen deficiency. Clear spleen: centrifugal push, for solid diseases, such as food and stagnation. Clear up the spleen: push back and forth, for the leveling and diarrhea. It is used in asthenia, such as dyspepsia.

3．作用：健脾调中，培土生金。消食积化痰涎，补血生肌。实热则泻之，虚寒则补之。

The 3. role: Invigorating the spleen, raising the soil to produce gold. The elimination of food and phlegm saliva and the supplement of blood to the muscle. When the heat is real, the deficiency of cold is filled.

4．主治：消化不良、积食、脾虚泄泻、疳积、脱肛、虚喘嗽、慢惊风等症。

4. indications: dyspepsia, accumulation of food, diarrhea due to spleen deficiency, malnutrition, prolapse of the rectum, asthmatic cough, and slow convulsion.

二、肝穴

Two, liver acupoint

1．部位：食指掌面，由指根到指尖，属线型穴位。

The 1. part: the palm of the index finger, from the finger to the fingertip, belongs to the linear acupoint.

2．操作方法：

2. operation method:

平肝（清肝）——离心性推之。

Flat liver (clear liver) - centrifuge to push it.

补肝——向心性推之（少用）。

Complement the liver - push the heart to the heart (Shao Yong).

注：推本穴时宜用泻法，少用补法，如肝虚应补时，常以肾穴代之，肾为肝之母，补肾即补肝。

Note: it is appropriate to use the method of purgation and use less method to replenishing the acupoints. If the liver is deficient, it should be replaced by the kidney acupoint. The kidney is the mother of the liver, and tonifying the kidney is the supplement of the liver.

3．作用：平肝熄风，解热镇惊，开郁除烦，和气生血。

The 3. role: calm the liver and stop the wind, relieve fever, shake the nerves, relieve depression, and bring blood.

4．主治：急慢惊风、感冒、目赤、昏闭、烦躁不安、脾虚泄泻等。

4. indications: acute and slow convulsions, cold, red eyes, dizziness, restlessness, diarrhea due to spleen deficiency, etc.

三、心穴

Three, heart point

1．部位：中指掌面，由指根到指尖，属线型穴位。

The 1. part: the middle palm, from the root to the fingertip, is a linear acupoint.

2．操作方法：

2. operation method:

清心：离心性推之 补心：向心性推之（不用）。

Clear heart: centrifugal to make up for the heart: centripetal push (do not).

本穴在临床上极少用，若须用时，则以天河水代之。

This point is seldom used in clinic. If it needs to be used, it will be replaced by Tianhe river.

3．作用：清心火、利小便、镇惊搐。

The 3. role: the Qing Xin fire, the benefit of the urine, the town convulsions.

4．主治：口舌生疮、小便赤涩、眦红、惊搐、弄舌等。

4. indications: mouth sores, red urine, red canthus, convulsion, tongue and so on.

四、肺穴

Four, pulmonary acupoint

1．部位：无名指掌面，由指根到指尖，属线型穴位。

The 1. part: the palm of the unknown finger, from the finger to the fingertip, is a linear acupoint.

2．操作方法：

2. operation method:

清肺：离心性推之（多用） 补肺：向心性推之。

Qingfei: centrifugal push (multi use) to fill the lung: centripetal push.

3．作用：疏风解表、顺气化痰、利咽止咳、补益肺气。

The 3. role: dispelling wind, relieving cough, relieving cough, and invigorating lung qi.

4．主治：作伤风感冒、咳嗽痰喘（肺炎、急慢性气管炎、百日咳等）、麻疹不透。

4. indications: cold, cough, phlegm and asthma (pneumonia, acute and chronic bronchitis, pertussis, etc.) and measles impermeable.

凡肺经实热者宜清，虚寒者宜补。

If the lung meridian is really hot, it should be clear, and the Asthenia Cold should be supplementing.

五、肾穴

Five, renal acupoint

1．部位：小指掌面，由指根到指尖，属线型穴位。

The 1. part: the palm of the little finger, from the finger to the fingertip, belongs to the linear acupoint.

2．操作方法：

2. operation method:

补肾：向心性推之。清肾：离心性推之。

Tonifying the kidney: pushing the heart. Clear kidney: centrifugal push.

古书记载的清补法，与此相反。

It is the opposite of the ancient books.

3．作用：补肾益脑、益气养神、温下元、止虚火。

The 3. role: tonifying kidney and brain, supplementing qi and nourishing the mind, Wen Xiayuan, and stopping fire.

4．主治：先天不足、遗尿、小便短赤、五更泄泻、咳喘、肾亏骨软等。

4. indications: congenital deficiency, enuresis, short urine, diarrhea, cough and asthma, kidney weakness, soft bone and so on.

六、胃穴

Six, gastric acupoint

1．部位：由腕横纹到拇指根部，外侧缘，赤白肉际处，属线型穴位。

The 1. part: from the wrist stripe to the base of the thumb, the lateral margin, the red and white border, it is a linear acupoint.

2．操作方法：

2. operation method:

清胃：离心性推之。（此穴只清不补）

Clear stomach: centrifugal push. (this point is only clear and not)

3．作用：清胃热、止呕降逆、除烦止血。

The 3. role: clearing stomach heat, stopping vomiting and lowering blood circulation, and eliminating hemostasis.

4．主治：恶心呕吐、食欲不振、消化不良、痘疹潮热不退、吐血及鼻衄。

4. indications: nausea and vomiting, loss of appetite, dyspepsia, smallpox and fever, hematemesis and epistaxis.

七、大肠穴

Seven, large intestine

1．部位：食指外侧缘，赤白肉际处（由指根到指尖），属线型穴位。

The 1. part: the lateral border of the index finger, the red and white intermead (from the finger to the fingertip), is a linear acupoint.

2．操作方法：

2. operation method:

清大肠——离心性推之。补大肠——向心性推之。清补大肠——来回推之

Clear large intestine - centrifuge to push it. Make up the large intestine - push it centripetal. Clear up the large intestine -- push back and forth

3．作用：调整大肠功能，有固肠、涩便、止泻等作用。

3. function: adjust the function of the large intestine, have the functions of strengthening the intestines, astringency and stopping diarrhea.

4．主治：赤白痢疾、泄泻、便秘、脱肛、肛门红肿等。

4. indications: red and white dysentery, diarrhea, constipation, anal prolapse, anal swelling and so on.

八、小肠穴

Eight, small intestine

1．部位：小指外侧缘，由指根到指尖，属线型穴位。

The 1. part: the lateral margin of the little finger, from the finger to the fingertip, is a linear acupoint.

2．操作方法：

2. operation method:

清小肠——离心性推之。

Clear small intestine - centrifuge.

3．作用：利尿止泻、分清降浊、清膀胱之热。

The 3. role: diuretic, diarrhea, clearing away turbidity, clearing bladder heat.

4．主治：尿闭、小便不利、口疮、泄泻而无小便者多用之。

4. indications: urinary retention, dysuria, aphtha, diarrhea and no need for urination.

附：利小便穴

Appendix: Li Xiao Fu

国医堂北京小儿推拿中心，常用自腕部沿手掌内侧缘，推向小指尖，称为利小便穴，治腹泻甚效。

Guo Yi Tang Beijing children massage center, often from wrist to the little finger tip along the medial edge of the palm, called the "urination point", it is very effective in treating diarrhea.

九、八卦穴

Nine, eight diagrams point

1．部位：手掌面，掌心的周边，顺着时针的方向，划一个圆圈是八卦穴。属面型（也称环型）穴位。（卦名：乾、坎、艮、震、巽、离、坤、兑）

The 1. part: palm surface, palm around, along the direction of the clockwise, a circle is eight diagrams. It belongs to the face type (also known as the ring type) acupoint. (name of hexagram: dry, Canon, ganger, earthquake, sunrise, departure, Kun, blending)

2．操作方法：

2. operation method:

①顺运八卦—由乾卦起运转一周到兑卦止，周而复始的推运，称为顺运八卦。

(1) carrying the Eight Diagrams (from the hexagram to the hexagram) to the hexagram, the round and repeated push is called the eight diagrams.

②逆运八卦—由艮卦起，以

(2) the eight diagrams of adverse transport - from the Gua