哮喘是小儿常见的一种呼吸道疾病，临床上常以阵发性呼吸困难，呼气延长，喉间有哮鸣声，严重时张口抬肩，难以平卧为特征。多见于春秋季节。气候突变，寒温失宜，饮食不当等为本病诱发因素。古人认为哮与喘不同，《医学正传》说：“喘促喉间如水鸣声者谓之哮，气促而连续不能以息者谓之喘”。但在临床上哮必兼喘，故一般通称为哮喘。小儿哮喘多指支气管哮喘。
Asthma is a common respiratory disease in children. It is usually characterized by paroxysmal dyspnea, prolonged expiratory, wheezing in the throat, mouth opening and shoulder lifting in severe cases, and difficulty in lying down. It is mostly seen in spring and autumn. Climate mutation, cold and temperature loss and improper diet are the inducing factors of the disease. The ancients believed that asthma is different from asthma. According to the medical journal, "wheezing and promoting larynx is like wheezing in water, wheezing is called wheezing. Wheezing and continuous breathing are not called wheezing". But in clinic, asthma must be accompanied by asthma, so it is generally called asthma. Children's asthma refers to asthma.
（病因病理）小儿哮喘病的形成有内因和外因两个方面。《证治汇补》说：“内因有壅塞之气，外有非时之感，膈有胶固之痰，三者相合，闭拒气道，搏击有声，发为哮喘病”。
(etiology and pathology) there are internal and external causes for the formation of children's asthma. "Zheng Zhi Hui bu" said: "the internal cause has blocked gas, there is a sense of non timing outside, the diaphragm has glue solid phlegm, the three combined, closed and refused to airway, fight sound, asthma.
1、内因 本病的发生与肺、脾、肾三脏不足有关。肺虚表卫不固，痰邪内状；脾虚运化失职，不能行其津液，积湿生痰，上贮于肺；肾虚不能纳气，则气短而喘。
1. The internal cause of this disease is related to the deficiency of lung, spleen and kidney. The deficiency of the lung is characterized by weak external defence and internal phlegm; the deficiency of the spleen is transferred to the wrong position, and the body fluid can not be used to accumulate dampness and produce phlegm, which can be stored in the lung; the deficiency of the kidney can not contain Qi, which will result in shortness of breath and asthma.
2、外因 气候转变，寒温失调，外邪侵袭肺脏，肃降失常，肺气壅塞，呼吸不利，气逆而喘。
2. Due to climate change, cold and temperature imbalance, exogenous pathogens invade the lungs, eliminate the disorder, block the lung qi, breathe disadvantageous, and asthma.
哮喘是由于外来因素作用于内在因素而发病。素有特异体质的小儿，对某些刺激特别敏感，如外感风寒或饮食不当，过食生冷或咸酸食物等，常可导致现出发作。反复发作则可导致肺气耗散，病程日久肺虚及肾，出现肾阳虚亏的症候。
Asthma is caused by external factors acting on internal factors. Children with specific constitution are particularly sensitive to certain stimuli, such as exogenous cold or improper diet, over eating raw cold or salty and sour food, etc., which often lead to seizures. Repeated attack can lead to lung qi dissipation, lung deficiency and kidney, kidney yang deficiency syndrome.
哮喘有寒、热及寒喘兼阳虚之分。《景岳全书》载有：“喘有夙根，遇寒即发，或遇劳即发者，亦名哮喘”。外感风寒，寒伏肺俞而聚液生痰，或素体阳虚，气不化津而致寒痰内伏发为哮喘。素体阴虚，痰热郁肺，或寒痰久伏化热则发为喘。哮喘反复发作，肺气耗散，肾阳虚亏，气不摄纳为寒喘兼阳虚。
Asthma can be divided into cold, heat, cold asthma and yang deficiency. "Jing Yue Quan Shu" contains: "asthma has long roots, when cold hair, or when hard hair, also known as asthma.". Asthma is caused by exogenous wind chill, cold Fu Fei Shu and accumulation of liquid to produce phlegm, or deficiency of element body Yang, and cold phlegm caused by Qi not transforming into Tianjin. Yin deficiency, phlegm and heat stagnation of the lung, or cold phlegm Long Fu Hua heat is asthma. Asthma attacks repeatedly, Lung Qi dissipation, kidney yang deficiency, Qi not absorbed for cold asthma and yang deficiency.